Qatar, is a country located in Western Asia, was ruled by the al-Thani family since 1800 when Mohammed bin Thani signed a treaty with the British. In 1871, the Al-Thani tribes supported the Ottoman rule. With its total population, the people of Qatar separated by Qatari citizens and expatriates. Qatar turned from British protectorate into Independence state in 1971. Qatar became a high-income economy due to its significant oil and natural gas reserves. At the time of Amir’s rule since 1972, The country’s economy profoundly fell by series, reducing petroleum revenues. The country solved the border problem with Bahrain and Saudi Arabia in 2001. The UN describes Qatar as a very high human development country in the Arab state. During the mid 1st century, the inhabitants around the peninsula are catharrei. Qatar’s population, 28%, represents the expatriates of South Asia. Indians are the largest group of people who came to this country as contract workers.
Land
Qatar, a sovereign state, shares its border with Saudi Arabia and the Persian Gulf. Along the northeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula, it occupied a small area as a Qatar peninsula. On its total land area of 11,581 square kilometers, it contains 0.8% of water. Most of its territory was desert, which has a hot and dry climate always.
Population
Qatar has a population of 2.83 million in 2019. According to the UN Data, the population density is 243.9 people per square kilometers, the life expectancy at birth of male was 78.3 years and female are 81.1 years. The sex ratio is 305.4 males per 100 females.
Religion
Qatar’s primary religious faith is Islam. Most of the Qatari citizens are Salafi Muslims, and some are Shia Muslims.
| Religion | Percentage |
| Islam | 67.7 |
| Christianity | 13.8 |
| Hinduism | 13.8 |
| Buddhism | 3.1 |
| Other | 1.6% |
Language
The official language of Qatar is Arabic, while English is the second most significant language used to communicate with expatriates and workers from other countries speak Baluchi, Urdu, Persian, Hindi, Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Bengali, and Sinhalese.
Economy
Today, Qatar has a high-income economy. In the 8th century, before the invention of oil and natural gas reserves, it mainly focused on pearl trading. During the Ottoman period, it earned the revenue mostly by pearl hunting. Oil and natural gas reserves discovered in 1940. With Doha as its capital, Qatar joined as a member of OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) and became a leading exporter of liquefied natural gas. Its economic growth is highly dependent on oil and natural gas export. In 2019 estimation, the GDP (nominal) is $191,849 billion and GDP (PPP) $365.835 billion. HDI value of 0.848 in 2018, implies that the country has a great human development category and scored 41st place among 189 countries.
Qatar Country Code : QA
Qatar Dialing Code: +974
