Netherlands, a highly developed country in western Europe with some territories in the Caribbean. It became a unitary state on Jan 19, 1795, due to the French republic by Dutch republicans. To control the Netherlands effectively, Napolean Bonaparte formed the kingdom of Holland and governed by his brother Louis Bonaparte. But Louis Bonaparte was interested in serving Dutch, and Netherlands became a part of the French Empire until 1813. The Netherlands formed a kingdom with King William I in 1815. The southern part of the country was culturally different from the north, while it got independence as Belgium in 1830. During the First World War, the it remained neutral because the import of goods in the Netherlands is essential for German survival. But it is changed during the Second World War due to invasion and occupation by German. Netherlands was one of the founding members of NATO, Benelux, and EEC.
Ethnic Groups
The Dutch population is high in the Netherlands. Some other ethnic groups of people are Indonesian, German, Turkish, Surinamese, Moroccan, Antillean, and Aruban.
Land
The country is also referred to as “lower country” because the regions are below sea level. About half of its land area is just 1 meter above sea level, and 17% of its land area reclaimed from sea or lakes. The term below sea level was due to land reclamation or by man. The Netherlands bordered by Germany, Belgium, the North Sea, and the United Kingdom. With Amsterdam as its capital, it contains 12 provinces in Europe. The total area is 41,865 square kilometers, of which 19.26% is water. The country formed by three large European rivers, namely the Rhine, Meuse, and Scheldt.
Population
Netherland is a densely populated country in Europe.The population of Netherland reached 17.41 million at the end of 2019. According to the UN Data, the population density in 2019 is 507 people per square kilometers, the life expectancy at birth of male was 79.4 years and female are 83.1 years. The sex ratio is 99.2 males per 100 females.
Religion
Netherland is the only country where non-religious people are high. Christianity is considered to highly populated, next to Christians, Islam gets second place, and other faiths like (Hinduism, Buddhism, and Judaism) are at a deficient level.
| Religion | Percentage |
| Non religious | 50.1 % |
| Christianity | 43.8 % |
| Islam | 4.9 % |
| other | 1.2 % |
Languages
Dutch considered as the official language spoken by a majority of the population of the Netherland. The second official language is Frisian widely spoken in the northern province of Friesland. English and Papiamento usually are expressing in some municipalities.
Economy
Among the European countries, Netherland has a highly developed economy and is the leading exporter of food and agriculture products. Its significant sectors are agriculture, trade, fishing, financial service, and banking. Netherland is one of the trading partners of Germany, Belgium, UK, USA, China, France, Italy, and Russia and leading European country for foreign investment. It is the second most innovative country in the world, according to the Heritage Foundation it has a free-market economy having a score of 77.0 and picks 14th Rank in the world. Amsterdam seems to be the business capital of the Netherland. According to IMF, Netherland got the 17th rank over the world economy for the GDP of 914.003 Billion US dollars, and the 10th rank for GDP (PPP) is 1,004.308 Billion US dollars in 2019.
Netherlands Country Code : NL
Netherlands Dialing Code: +31
